Interdependence of Science, Engineering, and Technology

Primary School (K-2)

  • Science and engineering involve the use of tools to observe and measure things.

Elementary School (3-5)

  • Science and technology support each other.
  • Tools and instruments are used to answer scientific questions, while scientific discoveries lead to the development of new technologies.

Middle School (6-8)

  • Engineering advances have led to important discoveries in virtually every field of science and scientific discoveries have led to the development of entire industries and engineered systems.
  • Science and technology drive each other forward.

High School (9-12)

  • Science and engineering complement each other in the cycle known as research and development (R&D).
  • Science and engineering complement each other in the cycle known as research and development (R&D). Many R&D projects may involve scientists, engineers, and others with wide ranges of expertise.

The connections to engineering are found in the crosscutting concepts section of the foundation box on a standards page.

Other Standards That Use This Connection to Engineering, Technology and Applications: