In this activity, students experience the difficulty of trying to gather food with an ineffective model of an insect mouthpart, and then investigate how effective various insect mouth structures are for gathering different food sources.
4-LS1-1 Construct an argument that plants and animals have internal and external structures that function to support survival, growth, behavior, and reproduction. Clarification Statement: Examples of structures could include thorns, stems, roots, colored petals, heart, stomach, lung, brain, and skin. Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to macroscopic structures within plant and animal systems.
This resource appears to be designed to build towards this performance expectation, though the resource developer has not explicitly stated so.
Comments about Including the Performance Expectation Students are provided several models for insect mouthparts (plain straw, sharpened straw, straw inserted through sponge, clothespin, scissors) and guided toward using them in a particular way for the appropriate food source (open container of water, container of water covered in plastic wrap, paper, raisins, marbles). If students were given the handout containing mouthpart illustrations, they could engage in constructing arguments of their own regarding the best structure for each function.
This resource appears to be designed to build towards this science and engineering practice, though the resource developer has not explicitly stated so.
Comments about Including the Science and Engineering Practice To extend the use of science practices, teachers are encouraged to use the suggested modification for advanced learners. This suggests collecting data on the effectiveness of different mouthparts with each food type. During the follow-up class discussion, teachers could encourage students to engage in argument from evidence if they are asked to critique the scientific explanations proposed by peers by citing relevant evidence.
This resource is explicitly designed to build towards this disciplinary core idea.
Comments about Including the Disciplinary Core Idea This activity allows students to experience using different structures to model gathering food with insect mouthparts, including those of the house fly, butterfly, mosquito, damselfly, and leaf cutter ant.
This resource appears to be designed to build towards this crosscutting concept, though the resource developer has not explicitly stated so.
Comments about Including the Crosscutting Concept While this resource explicitly explores the structure of animals' mouthparts and their functions, teachers are not directed to relate the activity to a Crosscutting Concept. The resource can build toward both Systems and System Models, and Structure and Function if specific attention is focused on the mouth as composed of substructures and the mouth as a substructure, as well as the mouth as an important component of an organism's body system.