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Energy 101: Geothermal Heat Pumps
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Description
This introductory video describes the basic principles of residential geothermal heat pumps.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
Criteria and constraints also include satisfying any requirements set by society, such as taking issues of risk mitigation into account, and they should be quantified to the extent possible and stated in such a way that one can tell if a given design meets them.
At the macroscopic scale, energy manifests itself in multiple ways, such as in motion, sound, light, and thermal energy.
Although energy cannot be destroyed, it can be converted to less useful forms—for example, to thermal energy in the surrounding environment.
When evaluating solutions it is important to take into account a range of constraints including cost, safety, reliability and aesthetics and to consider social, cultural and environmental impacts.
Resource availability has guided the development of human society.
The term “heat” as used in everyday language refers both to thermal energy (the motion of atoms or molecules within a substance) and the transfer of that thermal energy from one object to another. In science, heat is used only for this second meaning; it refers to the energy transferred due to the temperature difference between two objects.
The temperature of a system is proportional to the average internal kinetic energy and potential energy per atom or molecule (whichever is the appropriate building block for the system’s material). The details of that relationship depend on the type of atom or molecule and the interactions among the atoms in the material. Temperature is not a direct measure of a system's total thermal energy. The total thermal energy (sometimes called the total internal energy) of a system depends jointly on the temperature, the total number of atoms in the system, and the state of the material.
All forms of energy production and other resource extraction have associated economic, social, environmental, and geopolitical costs and risks as well as benefits. New technologies and social regulations can change the balance of these factors.
Humanity faces major global challenges today, such as the need for supplies of clean water and food or for energy sources that minimize pollution, which can be addressed through engineering. These global challenges also may have manifestations in local communities.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transported from one place to another and transferred between systems.
Crosscutting Concepts
The total amount of energy and matter in closed systems is conserved.
Changes of energy and matter in a system can be described in terms of energy and matter flows into, out of, and within that system.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed—it only moves between one place and another place, between objects and/or fields, or between systems.
Energy drives the cycling of matter within and between systems.
Energy may take different forms (e.g. energy in fields, thermal energy, energy of motion).
Within a natural or designed system, the transfer of energy drives the motion and/or cycling of matter.